Solar PV Panel Pyrolysis Recycling Line

With the rapid development of the global solar photovoltaic panel industry, the first generation of photovoltaic panels now faces challenges such as end-of-life recycling. Solar photovoltaic panels contain high proportions of glass, silicon wafers, EVA adhesive, and aluminium, alongside rare metals like cadmium and gallium. The recycling of photovoltaic modules has become increasingly urgent. Within the PV panel recycling process, efficiently recovering glass and silicon wafers has become a primary objective. Consequently, the solar PV panel pyrolysis furnace production line is pivotal to addressing this challenge. These materials can be effectively recovered, promoting resource circulation, reducing the demand for new resource extraction, and alleviating environmental pressure.

Solar PV Panel Pyrolysis Recycling Line

Pre-treatment and Dismantling

Removal of Aluminium Frames

The aluminium frames of PV panels are dismantled mechanically using specialised PV panel aluminium frame removal equipment.

Removal of Junction Boxes

Cable harnesses, junction boxes, and similar components are dismantled. This is essential as cables entering the pyrolysis process directly would generate harmful gases.

Surface Cleaning

Dust and sand particles may reduce heat transfer efficiency. These must be thoroughly cleaned away to ensure consistency throughout the pyrolysis process.

Appropriate pre-treatment can increase glass recovery rates by 10-200%. It also reduces contamination within the photovoltaic panel pyrolysis furnace, thereby improving temperature uniformity.

Pyrolysis Separation

• Preheating: Waste photovoltaic panels enter the preheating zone, where gradual temperature elevation causes the internal materials to soften, preparing them for subsequent pyrolysis.
• Pyrolysis: This constitutes the core stage of the entire process. Under high-temperature, oxygen-free or oxygen-depleted conditions, polymeric materials within the panels—such as EVA, PVF, and PET—undergo pyrolysis. This generates low-molecular-weight gases (including carbon dioxide, methane, ethylene, etc.) and solid residues. These gases, following purification, can be utilised for heating the pyrolysis furnace.

Mechanical Separation

As EVA, sealants, and organic layers combust, the adhesive bond between glass layers weakens. Subsequent separation employs gravity sorting, magnetic separation, and manual screening.

Gravity Separation

Following direct pyrolysis of adhesives, glass and silicon wafers naturally separate.

Air Screening

Through multiple stages of fine screening, copper wires, solder strips, and other components are separated from the mixture.

Magnetic Separation Screening

Removes minute metal fragments, EVA, residual impurities, and other contaminants.

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